Type-writing machine.



S. H. FARNHAM, A. W. SMITH a J. PHLPS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION Plum MAY 1,-1913.

Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

|NVENTREI= WAM., .fw

WITNESSEE:

QM 52M THURATTDRNEY S. H. FRNHAM, A. W. SMITH L J. PHELPS.

TYPE- WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIQATIONIILED MAY1,1913.

1,073,577.' Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

THUWATTDRNELY s. H. PARNHAM, A. W. SMITH ir. PHELPS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION PXLED MAY 1I 1913.

Patented Sept. 16, 1913.

4 BHBETS-SHEET 3.

MTM-:i555:

THEIRATTDRNEY S. H. PARNHAM, A. W. SMITH & J. PHELPS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APILIQATION FILED MAY 1, 1013. v 1m29? 5335?? atexlted Sept. 16, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Vacaj.

|NVENTFQ5:

WITNEEEEE.

narran entries iai-tiranni STEPHEN i-I. FARNHAM AND ARTHUR W. SMITH, OFNEW YORK, N. Y., AND JOSEPH PHELPS, OF BELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORSTO REMINGTON TYlEYVRTER COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OFNEVI YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

retrasar.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1G, 1913 Original application filed January 18, 1913,Serial No. 742,786. Divided and this application filed May 1,

Serial N0. 764,782.

To (LU `Ils/"mm 'it 'may concern .Be it known l hat we. STEPHEN H. FAnN-naar, An'rrtnn lV. SMITH, and Josemi Tuners, citizens ot' the UnitedStates, and, residents, respectively, o't the borough oiblrmiklyn.-county ot' Kings. city and State of New York; borough ot'Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, and Belleville7 countyof Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new4 and usetnlImprovements in rlype-lVi-iting Machines, of which the following is aspccitication.

Our invention relates to ribbon mechanism for typewriting nia 'l1ir1esand its prin cipal object is to provide new and improved mechanism otthe character specified.

o the above and other ends our invention consists in the features ot'construction, combinations o'i' devices and arrangements oit partshereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The present application is a division of our application. Serial No.742,786, tiled January 1S, 1913. and while var-ions feas tures o'fonrinvention are applicable generally, the particular embodiment hereindisclosed was more especially designed for the machine disclosed in saidprior application.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one form ot'our'invention, Fignres 1 and 2 are respectively the front and rearportionsof a tore and att vertical. sectional view of a type-writingmachine embodying our inif'enti'on, such part-s ot the machine as arenot necessary to a complete understainling o1 the present inventionbeing omitted. Fig. is a horizontal sectional view taken on planesindicated by the broken dotted line af-ro in Figs. 1 and 2 and lookingdownward. Fig. el is a `fragmentary right-hand end view ot' the upperforward part of the machine. Fig. is a horizontal sectional view oit thelett-hand ribbon spool and the associate parts, said section being takenon a plane indicated by the dotted line (InMac in Fig. .1 and looking inthe direct-ion of the arrows at said line. Fig. G is a fragmentary taceview slnnving the central stationary ribbon guide and associate parts.

As shown. in Figs. 1 to main frame oithe machine comprises a base 1 fromwhich rise rear posts 2,1ront posts 3 and intermediate posts-1l, saidposts 1 being connected to the associate posts 3 by inwardly curved websor cross pieces 5. The post-s or uprights support-a three-piece topplate comprising a rear part 11 and two front portions or plates 1Q. Themachine is a front-strike machine and as will be understood from Figs. 1and 2 has a Stationary upright segment 13 which provides a support forhangers 14 on which are pivoted type bars 15 each provided with a type1G and being,r supported normally by "a stationary rest 17. Each typebar .is connected to ya key lever 18 by connections comprising a link19, a lever 20 and a second linl' 21. The key levers are arranged withinthe base 1 and are pivoted at their 'rear ends on a fixed fulcrnm plateQQ, being provided at their front ends with 'keys or buttons". The typebars when actuated cooperate with the front face of a platen 3Gdiagrammatieally illustrated in Fig. 2, the saine being mounted on acarriage (not shown) which is urged or impclled leftward by a motor orspring drum mechanism as shown in our aplilication, Serial No. 742,786,aforesaid. Leftwarl movements of the carriage are controlled byescapcmeut devices which eomln-ise eseapement wheels 52 and 523 that areollieratively related to the carriage as shown in our said application.Coperative with said escapement wheels is a feed dog 51tmounted at thetop of a dog rocker pivoted at 5G to ears 10l on a stationary bracketit). Said rocker is operatively connected by a link 5T with a cranlLarin5S hrojeclinsr rearward from a rock sha'tt 59 which is pivoted at itsends' in the sides of the base l. Near its ends said rock shaft isprovided with crank arms (i0 from which depend arms or links t 1supporting a universal bar 32 which underlies the key levers 1S and isoperative thereby to cause the esapelucnt devices to permit leltwai-dstephy-step movements ot the crlrriage. tduit-4 able restoring s-:pringsare provided includ ing one for the universal, bar indicated at (52(Fig. il), said .fpring 32- being connected at one end to a crank arm 5Don the. rock sha-tt 55). the other end o1 said spiing ,'`hartnr;A

` and relatively to their bearing 412m.

end

stationary anchorage. Each key lever, it will be understood, actuatesthe escapement devices and also operates 'through the describedconnections to actuate its associate type ba aad caussaine to co-actwith the tr t ce oit the platen.

ln car fing out our present invention two ribbon spools 411 are arrangedvertically one at each side et the machine and between the front cornerposts 3 and the supple mental posts 4 reference being l'anlespe` cially'to 1, 3, 4 and vSaid spools are mounted at opposite ends ot a shaft 412which extends tri isversely oit. the machine and on braclr *s or arms413 and 414 which are secured to the f me if ebs 5 by screws r.thespools ot ordinary construction comprising Vflanges and a con nectingcore piece and receive each a detachable hub 416 which is connected tothe associate spool to turn therewith by slots 41T formed at the outerend of the hub, said rslots being engaged by lugs 418 on the spool,

said Alugs projecting radially inward from the hole in the outeil flangeof the spool through which the end oit' the hub passes. At its inner endthe hub 416 is -expanded outside the spool into a flange 419 providedwith crown ratchet teeth 420. The hub 416 is arranged between the spooland the shaft 412, bearing on the associate end portion oit the shaftwhich is reduced as indicated at 4121 to provide a bearing surface andis further reduced and threaded at its extreme as indicated at 412b.lThe left-hand threaded portion 412b receives a thumb nut 421 whichretains the spool and hub in place but permits them to turn' together onhe right-hand reduced portion 412b instead of having a thumb nut, isprovided with a handle 422 which is secured' in place by a hexagonal nut423. An inking ribbon 424 is wound on the ribbon spools 411 and ex!tends from one to the otherj passing upward at each side through a hole425 in the associate top plate section 12 and being guided over a guidebar 426 which bridges said hole and is slightly'inclined inward towardthe middle of the machine, the ends of said guide bars being turneddownward and secured in the top plate section 12. F rom the guide barsthe ribbon extends horizontally inward and rearward and passes throughslots or loops 427 formed in a stationary guide 'frame 42S which issecured to the stationary segment plate 429 by the same screws 430 whichclamp the line gage and paper guide 431 in place. The printing portionof the ribbon that extends betweenthe guide ways or slots 427 is therebymaintained 0pposite the printing point on the platen 36 and m positionto coperate with the types 16 'when the type bars 15 are actuated. The.segment pla/ite,

suitably secured to the Loran?? segmental bar sunport 1E ribbon guide isi 'e a wire and at the corners portions is b loi" at l to provide recscrews 430.

4430 and coperat 428TL tohold the. gg saidguide being thus between thewasher 1- portion of Ythe line ribbon guide 427l from the platen butbeing of res yield or give towa d is any tautness in 1 the ribbon at thetiri, e su or give is suiticien; to

type impressions be n through the ribbon under an c The ribbon 424 isadapte A nately back and forth tron to the other through the cel. guide428 and to this end p vided for feeding or rotating the'shaft 412 fromthel printing -lrey le 18, said shaitt thus becoming a power anc. 'rioralter-- nately connecting the ribbon spools to be et turned from and bysaid shaft. Accord ingly the shaft 412 has mountedon it near itslett-hand end linst inside the `bracket 413 a ratchet wheel 433 providedwith a hub 434V which receives a Set screw 435 by which the ratchetwheel is fixed to the shatt 412. The teeth of the ratchet wheel arecompara-- tively line and coperative therewith is a pawl member 436(Figs. ld) provided at its upper end with a pawl tooth 437 which engagesthe teeth or" the ratchet wheel. Guiding'tingers 0r ears 438 and extendforward from the pawl member below the .tooth 437 and embrace looselybetween them the ratchet wheel 433 so as to prevent lateral displacementot the pawl member in respect of the ratchet wheel. @ne of theA fingers,439, is-extended around and upward at the front side ot the shaft 412,coperating with said shaft to prevent the pawl member from beingaccidentally displaced in the plane of the ratchet wheel by being thrownbackward out ot engagement there with. The pawl member or arm 436 isYinclined downward and rearward and is pivotally connected at its lowerend at 440 to an arIn or part 441 which is adiustably4 connected byscrews 4.42 and 443 with an arm 0r part 444 iXed to the universal rockshaft 59 and extending forward and slightly upward therefrom. The screw442 passes through a round ole in the'arm 441 but Ithe screw 443coperates with an elongated Slot 445 in said erin2 the constructionbeingsuch that by, loosening screws and mi:

vto the sha'tt ii.

l ,tot Willett) t( i' 443 the arm fly/.tl may he swung; te a lithited lextent on the erreit? as a pivot, the iwol 'parti incinber iV-ith titthus providing' .tor an adjustment, ot the Vpawt nieinljar i and itstooth I`tf-ET in respect ot,t the ratchet wheel ii. l

The construction such that at the open` l ation ot' any printiire keit.'lever lit, eaitsin its 'associate tgvpe bar-1f to print and rocio ingthe shat't 50 to :urinate the ewcrnrnancnt devices, the outer end ot thearia 'tt't `will Swing upward` ii'ttine; the, pawt tnenioer 436 andcausing;` its tooth to ropcrat'e with t the ratchet wheel tl to turn thesaine t :nl t through it the pfnverlslnltt, let-12. ihusV print ingl kevopt-rations will aet to cotninnniealt` successive stcpdi \.'-slepturning' movementsA l l [L wire springl -il-lt5 eeenrcd to the arm 4111'engagesy at its tree end with the upper rear portion ot the artn -i$`itand tends to maintain the pawt +137 engaged with the ratchet wheel e133.weightetfl detfent i'neinber or arni 1h17 is pivoted at `-titS on thearm 413 and is inclined downward and tor ward therefrom, being' providedwith. a tooth letti which coperaties with the `atchet wheel 433 to'prevent accidental backward rotation thereof. rliehe hub tf1-loft saidratchet wheel cooperates with the bracket 4:13 to prevent accidentalendwise displacement ot the shat't 412 towz'n'd the lett, while a collar450 screwed `fast or otherwiee secured to the shaft at the lett ot thebracket tlt cot'iigierateswith said bracket il Yi to pre-- vent endwisedisplacement oi said shai't to ward the right.

In order to transmit the motion oil the power shaft to the ribbon spoolsin alternation, devices are provided cmnprisingrsleeves 151 and 452which are eiidablv mounted on the shaft 412 to the right and lett,rcspetitively oitl the associate ratcl'iet's 421). Secured in a recesstoit in the outer end oit cati-h Isleeve is a diagonally extending artn-fi-I'rt provided at its outer ends with ratchet teeth ti which areadapted to cooperate with the ratehets I :120. rlhe sleeves j151 and'152 are connected with each other by a connecting1 device or rod 456which extends tr'oin one sleeve to the other,"said rod being arranged orhoused in a slotevvay or groove el-T cut or i'orined in the shaft 4:12,The end portions 45T ot said rod are turned outward, passing throughholes in the sleeves 451 and 51.32. The con struction is such thatendwise niotion coniniunicated to oncot the sleev will be transmittedthrough the rod tit to the other sleeve, the rod sliding lengthwisethrough the groove 1157 to transmit such motion. Further, the rod incoi3} e1ati .in with the groove 457, provides a connection between theshatt-tt-Q and the sleeves to t 'ansinit the i rotary movement of theshat't to the sleeves. The sleeves, it will be seen, are chneh nient`bers for transmitting-the rotation of the shaft 412 to the spools 41.1when the teeth t tit tti

5 ott lila sleeves engage with the ratchet Ath litt) on the .spoiltslia-vices are proridrtl to switch th(` Eileevrs or rlutrh members intoand ont ot' tnJeratioin @laid devices comprising u switch tever 13Sthief' l)1 IS aiuti?) tulcrunicd at Ai531) on a lntal ca." il' tient iat:rallnv ont` 'ard troni the 'i'orward portion ot' thebracket-112i. thetforwartt aria ot' the lever -lfiti is shaped to provide a Iinn'er piecebv which the latter ina)i be shifted, and the rear aria ol` said le'. cri1--` provided with an upstant-tinig pin (tot) which engages with acirrunil'crcntial groove fitti?, in the sleeve 1:71. liv sn'itchiirerthe tore ward arni ot the lever niiS toward the lett 'roin the positionsshown in Figs. 2 and 5 the pin `ri-ltl is `caused to engage with theside olf the groove fitti to switch thc member-:151 rightward along theshatit i12, thus tliseonneetingsaid xsleeve troni the lett-hand riboonspool A21111, while the rightwvard niotion ot said sleeve trtnlsniittedthrough t'he rod Yi-fit; to the sleeve e152 which is thereby connectedthrough its teeth AL55 with the ratchet teeth 1120 ot`A the right-handspool Lil 1. 4lt will be understood that the sleeves or clutch lneinbersl-ii and 1152 are detiiiitety spaced apart by the vrod 15h to an extentsueh that when one ot thein is operatively engaged with its associateribbon spoot the q other is disconnected or disengaged. A. dctcnt spring-tll secured b v screws -itit to the car att cooperates at its tree endwith a pin 1165 projecting upward 'from the rear arni ot thc lever 45S.The tree end of the spring -i-tii is bent downward and pointed to copeatc with the upper end of the pin 4h35 which is beveled to provide twooppositelwvr inclined faces as indicated at; 1:66. When the parts are asin Fig. the spring detent 463 will cooperate with the rightu hand bevel-tt'it to hold the clutch member -i-51 engaged with its ratchet.` whitewhen the lever 1158 is switched towardthc right the springr detent willcooperate with the letthand bevel I1;(36 to maintain the right-handclutch member 4152 in opierative position.

in addition to the hand operated shift mechanism, devices are providedior automatically' switchineY the clutch devices Atol and to2 into andout ot operation to reverse the ribbon teed as shown in Figs. l, 3 and4:. Said automatic devices comprise switch tneinbers or pivoted trameseach composed ot a cani arin LttT and a `follower M38 joined by a crestsbarl 465), said cross bar having' down turned carev fiTt) which receivea pivot screw A171 by which the tollower is pivotallv mounted on theassociate traine web 5, the pivot screw til. projecting outward tronisaid web. Secured at` theI torward edge of the cross bar t-ti is arounded guide il over which the ribbon Atilt passes upward `troni itsspool to the traine guide i-Qt.

The follower arin LGS extends rearward between tlanges of the associatespool 411 and terminates in a downwardly curved end portion 473 whichcooperates with the wound np portion or plies ot the ribbon as clearlyshown in -Fig. 4, being maintained in engagement therewith through theforce ot gravity. The associate cam arm 467 is arranged inward on thecross bar 469 from the follower 468 and -lilre the -ollower extends'rearward but is outside' the spool and inclines downward so Athat it`terminates belowV the follower and is also offset or bent` in-V wardits rear portion, being provided at its tree end with a cam or inclinededge 474., '.llns cam edge faces the follower and' 1s adapted tocoperate with pins 475 which project radially outward from the associatesleeves or clutch members 451 and 452. 'llhere are two ot these pins oneach sleeve arranged opposite each other, the face of each pin oppositeits follower being beveled or inclined downward as illustrated at 476and the cam edge 474 oit the follower being similarly beveled. When thespool is comparatively full of ribbon as in Fig. 4 the 'follower willmaintain the cam arm 467 raised ont ot the path ot the pins 475. As theribbon gradually unwinds trom the spool it allows the :t'ollower to dropand the cam arm 467 will swing downward a corresponding extent. theribbon is completely unwound from the spool the cam arm 46T will dropdown so that the cam edge 474 will be'in the path of the pins 475 andwill operate to torce-said pins outward. rl`his movement will be trans-'ed vto the sleeve. or clutch member and the teeth 455 thereon, whichteeth will with the ratchet teeth 420, thus connecting the ribbon spoolwith the sleeve and forcing it to turn with the power shaft. At

the same time the opposite sleeve will be drawn out of operativeengagement with its ribbon spool. By reason ol the beveled or inclinedfaces 47o the pins 47 5 will tend to torce the cam edges 474 downwardtoward the tace of the associate sleeve and after once engaging with thecam edge will main tain it down in operative position until the 50reversal of the ribbon feed has been edected. l" will be observed fromFig. 3 that by reason. of the inward bending or off-setting of the tramewebs 5 a space is provided at each'side of the machine between the posts3 and 4 so that the ribbon, the ribbon spools and the associate devicesare not interfered with.

The claims lin this case relate to ribbon mechanism. Such otherdisclosed features as are novel are 'claimed in theoriginal applicationaforesaid' or will be covered by divisional applications to besubsequently tiled.

'Various changes may be vmade without df parting :trom my invention.

The result will'be that when` What we 4claimV as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is 2- l. ln a typewriting-machine, thecombination of ribbon carrying spools, ribbon eeding. mechanism,reversing devices for said feeding mechanism, a central ribbon .guideand other guides between said central guide and said spools, said otherguides being connected with certain of said reversing devices.

nation ot ribbon spools arranged below theI top plateflfmovably mountedguides for the ribbon between the top plate and the spools,-stat-ionary'ribbon side guides abovethe top plate, and a central guidefor the printing port-ion of the ribbon.

3. 1n a typewrltmg machine, thel combi- 2. ln a typewriting machine, thecombiy nation of ribbon spools, a power shaft, clutch` I devices foralternatel connecting said spools with said power sha t, and aconnection between said clutch devices, said connection being carried bysaid power shaft and constituting the sole connecting means between saidpower shaft and said clutch devices.

4. ln a typewriting machine, the combination of ribbon spools, a powershaft, clutch devices. for alternately connecting said .spools with saidpower shaft, and a connecratchets' and a rod connectin said devices saidrod extending lengthwise of said power shaft and being slidable in agroove therein and constituting. the sole connecting means between saidpower shalt and said clutch devices.

G. 1n 'a typewriting machine, the combination of a pair of ribbonspools, a power shaft :tor said ribbon spools, clutch devices foralternately connect-ing said ribbon spools with said shaft, and a deviceconnecting said clutch devices one with the other and also-cormectingsaid clutch devices with said shaft so that they are forcedto turn there! with, said device constitutingv the sole `con` ncctingmeans between said shaft and said clutch devices. 7. In a typewritingmachine, the combination of a pair vof ribbon spools, a power shaft forsaid ribbon spools, clutch devices for alternately connect-ing saidribbon spools with. said shaft, and-a devicetor maintaining said clutchdevices spaced apart a defiii'te distance so that they sarthe-connectedone at a time only with their associate spools, saiddevice alsotransmitting motion to said clutch devices t'rom said power sha'l't.said device constituting the sole connecting means between said shaitand said clutch devices.-

S. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pair oit ribbonspools, a power shaft it'or said ribbon spools, clutch devices, a deviceconnecting said clutch devices one with the other and also connectingsaid clutch devices with said shatt so that they are forced to turntherewith, said last named device constituting the sole connectingmea'ns between said clutch devices and said power shaft, and a manualswitch lever connected to one et' said clutch devices and operative toconnect them in alternation with their associate ribbon spools.

9. ln a typewriting machine, the combination et a pair of ribbon spools,a power shaftaon which said ribbon speels are loosely mounted, ratchetwheels each having a hub portion interposed between the associate ribbon spool and the power shaft, pin and slot connections between saidspools and said hub portions, sleeves slidable on said power shaft andprovided with clutching teeth, a rod connecting said sleeves, a .switchlever for switching said sleeves, and a handle :for turningsaid shaft.'

10.111 a typewriting machine, the combination of a pair of ribbonspools, a power shaft, ratchets associated with said ribbon spools,devices slidable on said power `shatt and adapted to engage saidratchets, a rod connecting siid devices, said rod extendinglengthwise'ot said power shaft and being slidable 'in a groove therein,a ratchet wheel fixed to said shaft, printing key levers, and

an actuating pawl for said ratchet wheel operative by said key levers.

1l. In a typewriting machine, the combination of printing key levers,ribbon spools, a power shaft therefor, a ratchet wheel connected to saidpower shaft, and a pawl for said ratchet wheel operative by saidprinting key levers, said pawlbeing provided with devices which looselyembrace said ratchet wheel and prevent lateral disengage ment of saidpawl therefrom and being further provided with a device which preventsdisengagement from said ratchet wheel by a movement in the planethereof.

1Q. .ln a typewriting machine, the combination of ribbon spools, a powershaft there for, a ratchet wheel connected to said power shalt, printingkey levcrs",a pawl for said ratchet wheel, a rock shaft, a universal barconnected to said rock sha't't and operative by said key levers, andatwo-part crank arm on said universal bar, the parts being adjustable,said jpawl being pivotally connected to said crank arm.

In a typewriting machine, the combination ot ribbon spools, a powershatt thereiiior. a ratchet wheel connected to said power shatt,lnfinting key levers, a pawl tor said ratchet. wheel, a rock shaft, a.univers-.il bar connected to said rock shaft and operative by 'said keylevers, a crank arm rigid on said universal bar, and a second arm onwhich said pa wl pivotcd, said second arm being adjustably secured tosaid crank arm by two screws, one of which engages an elongated hole orslot in said second crank arm.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination et a main Jframecomprising a base and a plurality of posts rising' from said base ateach side thereof, 'two of the posts at each side being connected by across bar or web, brackets secured to said webs, a ribbon power shaftjournaled on said brackets, ribbon spoois, and means mounted on`saidbrackets tor alternately connecting,r said ribbou spools to turn withsaid shaft.

In a typewriting machine, the combination of ribbon spools, a powershaft,

clutch devices l'or ialternately connecting said spools with saidsha'lt, and means for automatically switching said clutch devices, saidmeans including a pair of pivoted frames each conngrising both afollower cooperating with the ribbon when wound on the spools, and alsoa cam cooperative with a pin on one ol said clutch devices to switchsaid clutch devices.

16. lin a tvpewriting machine, the combination ot ribbon spools; a powershaft;r

clutch devices for alternately connecting said spools with said sha lt;and means 'lier automaticallyv switching said clutch devices, said meanscomprising pivoted cam members controlled by the portions oi the ribbonwound on the spools, and pins on Said clutch devices cooperating withsaid cam members, said pins being beveled so as to insure the properengagement of 4said cam members therewith, said cam members opcrating tocam said pins and switch said clutch members.

17. ,Tn a tvpewriting machine, the combination ot ribbon spools; a powershaft; clutch devicesf' :for alternately connecting said spools withsaid shaft; and means for automatically switching said clutcrlevices,said means including a pairotiivoted frames each ot which comprises afollower cooperating with the ribbon when `wound on the spools, and acam coperativd/with a pin on` one ot said clutch devices, said tramesalso being provided with guides for the ribbon.

1S. .ln a typewriting machine, the combination ot' ribbon spools; apower sha'lt; connected clutch devices t'or alternately connect'ing saidspools with said shaft; and means 'lor automatically operating `saidclutch devices, said means comlnising.; pivot` couny and State of NewYork, this 30th day of Ap-il, 1913.

STEPHEN H. FRNHAM. ARTHUR W. SMXTH. JSEPH PHELPS. V/vtnesses:

E. M. WELLS, CHARLESAE. SMITH.

ed fmmas each nssng of a cross bar ami two pmille mms, one afm lyingbetween the flanges 0f hfaassocate spool and engaging h ribbon Woundthereom and the @they arm being outside of the spool and pmfde Wh a, camcoperatvewth the assmcatc dutch device to shift the same.

Led the borough. of Manhattan, city,

